探险家完成“地心之旅” 毒雾弥漫熔岩沸腾似末世景象,桂视网

探险家完成“地心之旅” 毒雾弥漫熔岩沸腾似末世景象

（共25张）图片来源：凤凰网发布时间： 2011年03月04日 14:26:25 访问：查看评论() | 投诉

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<p><p>2010年6月，一支由科学家和探险家组成的探险队来到尼拉贡戈火山口深处沸腾的熔岩湖湖畔。在这个世界上最大的熔岩湖湖畔探险是他们的一大梦想。图为站在距地面11380英尺（约合3468米）的火山边缘看到的景象。这个熔岩湖深1300英尺（约合396米），是非洲大陆最令人惊异的自然奇观之一。</p></p>
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<p>一名队员使用激光测距仪测量不断变化中的熔岩湖。</p>
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<p>炙热的气体凝结后变成一个小水坑。科学家表示在不同时间段对火山口进行测量至关重要，有助于进一步了解火山并更为准确地预测火山何时喷发。</p>
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<p>夜幕降临后，探险队的营地被熔岩湖的火光照亮。</p>
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<p>此次探险的目标是进入熔岩湖边缘地带。在此之前，还没有一个人能够在如此近距离接触熔岩湖情况下幸存。</p>
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<p>探险队员使用无线电保持联系，同时传输有关熔岩湖活动以及气体移动方向的数据。</p>
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<p>探险队员必须找到最理想的下降方式。</p>
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<p>皮埃尔-伊夫·伯吉在火山口底部附近收集气体样本，样本将由达里奥·特德斯科进行研究。最近，特德斯科被任命为联合国项目事务服务厅自然风险分析与预防部门负责人。</p>
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<p>熔岩湖表面气泡爆裂。</p>
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<p>尼拉贡戈熔岩湖是世界上最大的熔岩湖，熔岩数量估计可达到2.82亿立方英尺（约合798万立方米）。1977年和2002年，熔岩湖发生决堤，炙热的熔岩沿火山口奔流而下，摧毁了刚果（金）戈马市的大部分地区。</p>
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<p>弗兰克·珀瑟与熔岩亲密接触。只有在风将热浪吹走的情况下，探险队员才可进行这种近距离接触。为了确保珀瑟的安全，其他探险队员要通过无线电时刻向他报告风向变化情况。</p>
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<p>马克·凯莱特是第一位抵达熔岩湖边缘的探险队员。</p>
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<p>奥利弗·格鲁纳瓦尔德为摄影器材做好防护措施，防止被1300度的高温损伤。</p>
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<p>在靠近熔岩湖前，探险队员需要全副武装以确保安全。</p>
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<p>受防护装置拖累，格鲁纳瓦尔德必须借助无线电确定下一步应迈向何处。</p>
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<p>格鲁纳瓦尔德拍摄的第一幅熔岩湖特写照片。他说：“我被眼前壮观的湖面景象震惊了，唯一想做的就是多拍摄一些照片。那时的我已经忘记了时间，忘记了高温……突然，同伴们用无线电告诉我该走了。我距离熔岩湖太近了。”</p>
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<p>熔岩外溢是探险队员面临的一大威胁。在第二阶地观测湖面的队员同时负责在发现危险熔岩活动时提醒其他同伴。</p>
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<p>黎明时分，熔岩湖的火光显得非常奇妙。火山散发的气体能够在短短几秒钟内覆盖火山口底部。</p>
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<p>夜幕降临时，熔岩向外溢出。随着时间的流逝，熔岩的高度不断上升，直至下一次决口或者火山喷发将熔岩湖清空。此次远征探险的目的是为了加深对火山的了解，提高火山学家预防此类事件出现以及阻止下一次灾难发生的能力。</p>
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<p>气泡接二连三地在熔岩湖湖面上爆裂。受地壳活动影响，湖面永远处于搅动状态。</p>
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<p>虽然炙热的熔岩经常外溢，但7名探险队员还是渴望到湖畔一游，与壮观的熔岩湖亲密接触。</p>
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<p>维龙加山脉由8座火山构成，尼拉贡戈火山便是其中最为活跃的一座。</p>
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<p>在下降至第二个阶地过程中，滚落的岩石成为探险队员的一大威胁，火山口窜出的气体也让他们吃够了苦头，导致他们暂时看不到任何东西。</p>
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<p>探险队员需要携带重达1300磅（约合589公斤）的装备、食物和水，这些物资足够他们支撑两天。他们的营地扎在熔岩湖上方大约400英尺（约合121米）处。</p>
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<p>尼拉贡戈经验丰富的登山高手雅克·巴瑟勒米用绳子将装备拖到第二阶地。</p>
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探险家完成“地心之旅” 毒雾弥漫熔岩沸腾似末世景象

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